Teaching Chinese music
CHIME Workshop at the Confucius Institute,
Hamburg, 17-20 November 2016
Youngsters in present-day China grow up primarily with Chinese and Western pop. Traditional music still exists, but its performers have to compete with pop stars, belcanto singers and other professionally trained musicians in televized music contests and glamour shows. Chinese folk songs, temple music, regional operas, puppetry and storysinging continue in their own right, as they have done for centuries. But the gap between these genres and urban music has become considerable, also in the realm of music education. Traditional ways to teach people to perform Chinese music differ greatly from modern 'academic' methods. So what can be done to bridge the gap, or to make it smaller? And what is actually the 'right' way to teach any specific genre or instrument?
CHIME Workshop on Music Education in China,
Confucius Institute at the University of Hamburg, Hamburg,
Germany, 16-20 November 2016
Hosted by:
the Confucius Institute at the University of Hamburg
Initiated and organized by:
· CHIME, the European Foundation for Chinese Music Research
· The CCOM Institute of Musicology (Beijing Central Conservatory)
In cooperation with:
· The Hamburg University of Music and Theatre (Hochschule für Musik und Theater)
· The Hamburg Conservatory (Hamburger Konservatorium)
· The International College of Music in Hamburg
The languages of the meeting are English and Chinese
Programme Committee
Carsten Krause, Confucius Institute, Hamburg
Frank Kouwenhoven, CHIME
Jia Guoping, Central Conservatory of Music, Beijing
Tang Qiong, Central Conservatory of Music, Beijing
PROGRAMME
WEDNESDAY 16 NOVEMBER
14.00-18.00 Registration at the Confucius Institute at the University of Hamburg,
“Hamburg Yu Garden”, Feldbrunnenstraße 67, 20148 Hamburg
Collect your programme booklet and badge and
enjoy a cup of tea at Chinese Teahouse “Hamburg Yu Garden”!
And have a look at the special exhibition on Chinese Music Culture 'Secret Sounds'!
Evening: Free
THURSDAY 17 NOVEMBER
09.00-09.15 Welcome with coffee and tea
09.15-09.20 Word of welcome by Carsten Krause,
Director of the Confucius Institute at the University of Hamburg
9.20-9.30 Word of welcome by Susanne Rupp, Vice President of the University of Hamburg
09.30-10.00 Frank Kouwenhoven, CHIME, Leiden, The Netherlands
Introductory remarks to the topic of 'Music education in China'
Conservatory style teaching & general issues I
Chair: Ruard Absaroka
10.00-10.30 Yang Hon-Lun 楊漢倫, Hong Kong Baptist University
Early Conservatory education and China’s musical development
10.30-11.00 Coffee and tea break
11.00-11.30 Xavier Bouvier, Haute école de musique, Genève
Dealing with culture inside and between Chinese and Western higher music education institutions
11.30-12.00 Tang Qiong 田蔓莎, Beijing Central Conservatory
Education of traditional music in Chinese Conservatories
12.00-12.30 Han Mei 韩梅, Center for Chinese Music & Culture, Murfreesboro USA
Old Masters, New Students - The Identity Transformation of the Chinese Zheng under Conservatory Pedagogy
12.30-13.00 Li Liangzi 李良子, Central Conservatory Beijing
现代筝乐得演奏与教学 (Xiàndài zhēng lèdé yǎnzòu yǔ jiàoxué)
(Modern zheng (zither) teaching and playing in happy fashion')
13.00-14.00 LUNCH
14.00-14.30 Marc Antoine Camp, Lucerne Univ. of Applied Sciences and Arts
Musical talent development and self-concept of Chinese and Swiss music students
Music education for school children
14.30-15.00 Chen Yu 陈瑜, Fudan University, Shanghai
中小学阶段中国音乐艺术教育新政策与改变 (Zhōng xiǎoxué jiēduàn zhōngguó yīnyuè yìshù jiàoyù xīn zhèngcè yǔ gǎibiàn)
(New policy and changes in Chinese art education for the elementary and middle school)
15.00-15.30 Dong Jinming 董金明, Nanjing Art Institute, Nanjing
浅谈中国家长在孩子学习乐器过程中的不同心态 (Qiǎn tán zhōngguó
jiāzhǎng zài hái zǐ xuéxí yuèqì guòchéng zhōng de bùtóng xīntài)
(A talk on Chinese parental attitudes with respect to the process of children learning an instrument)
15.30-16.00 Coffee and tea break
16.00-16.30 David Hughes,Research Associate SOAS, University of London
Traditional music in Japan’s required school curriculum: better late than never!
16.30-17.00 Liu Qian 刘倩, University of Los Angeles California, USA
Chinese primary music education in my eyes — Characteristic music programs at the Baodai Elementary School, Suzhou, Jiangsu
17.00-17.30 Song Yang 宋扬 (Limia Song), Beijing 'Back' Education Co, Beijing
Changing views on teaching music to young children in China
17.30-18.00 Panel on school music (in Chinese), with:
Dong Jinming 董金明, Nanjing Art Institute, Nanjing
Lou Yafeng 娄亚峰, dizi teacher at Xukou Elementary School, Suzhou
Zhang Qinyin Qinyin 张钦音, erhu teacher at Xukou Elementary School, Suzhou
Song Yang 宋扬, Beijing
18.00-19.00 DINNER [not organized; you will be recommended some restaurants
nearby or you may also find a place of your own preference]
19.30-21.00 GALA CONCERT 'Secret Sounds'
Kirche St.Johannis am Turmweg
Erhu, zheng and pipa meet organ, violin and piano
Admission free for participants in the CHIME workshop
Organized by the International College of Music in Hamburg,
With students from the College and from Shanghai
FRIDAY 18 NOVEMBER
Conservatory style teaching & general issues II
Chair: Hung Tsun-hui
09.00-09.30 Barbara Mittler, University of Heidelberg, Germany
“The future of classical music?” Educating the “Chinese” musician — Tiger mothers, wolf fathers and music life in (greater) China
09.30-10.00 Dong Shi Huili 董时辉力, Nanjing, PR of China
浅谈中国传统民族民间音乐的流行化转变趋势 (Qiǎn tán zhōngguó chuántǒng mínzú mínjiān yīnyuè de liúhánghuà zhuǎnbiàn
qūshì. A talk on the trend of popularizing traditional Chinese folk music)
10.00-10.30 Dai Baisheng 代百生, Macao Polytechnic Institute, PR of China
Multicultural music education in Macao
10.30-11.00 Coffee and tea break
Teaching and Learning Chinese music abroad
Chair: Liu Qian
11.00-11.30 Karsten Gundermann, Hamburg
Beijing Opera dance moves for Hamburg Musical performers
11.30-12.00 Hung Tsun-Hui 洪充惠, University of Hawaii
Chinese Music Education in the United States
12.00-12.45 Panel on Chinese students learning Western music
Chair: Xavir Bouvier
Reinhard Bahr (Hamburg University of Music and Theatre),
Michael Petermann (Hamburg Conservatory)
Eberhard Schmitz (International College of Music, Hamburg)
Yuanyuan Voß (Hamburg University of Music and Theatre)
Yuan Huailan (LAN Culture Bridge)
12.45-14.00 LUNCH
Teaching traditional opera
Chair: Shi Yinyun
14.00-14.30 Joshua Chan 陳沛倫, Leiden University Institute for Area Studies (LIAS)
Learning Peking Opera in Hong Kong: Then and now
14.30-15.00 Catherine Capdeville Zeng, INALCO, Paris
Transmission and Teaching in Unofficial Chinese Theatrical Troops
in Town and Country
15.00-15.30 Tian Mansha 田蔓莎, Shanghai Opera Institute, Shanghai
传承中的变与不变 — 川剧音乐中的“口传心授”(Chuánchéng zhōng de biàn yǔ bù biàn – chuānjù yīnyuè zhōng de
“kǒuchuán xīn shòu”)
(Inheritance changed and unchanged: On the “oral teaching” of Sichuan opera music)
15.30-16.00 Coffee and tea break
Teaching Chinese composition
Chair: Barbara Mittler
16.00-16.30 Chen Xiaoyong 陈晓勇, Hamburg University of Music and Theatre
从文化角度关注作曲与作曲教学,谈中国音乐创作中的问题与未来的希望
16.00-17.00 Wang Ying 王穎, Shanghai / Beijing
创造性发散性思维在作曲教学中的运用 (Chuàngzàoxìng fāsàn xìng sīwéi zài zuòqǔ jiàoxué zhōng de yùnyòng) (Broadminded and
varied creative thinking in the teaching of composition)
17.00-17.30 Su Cong 苏聪 , Film Academy of State Baden-Württemberg
北京中央音乐学院作曲系“文革”后第一届学生所想所为; 我想华人作曲界今后的议题 (Běijīng zhōngyāng yīnyuè xuéyuàn zuòqǔ xì 'wéngé' hòu dì yī jiè xuéshēng suǒ xiǎng suǒ wéi; wǒ xiǎng huárén zuòqǔ jiè jīnhòu de yìtí) (A view from the Beijing Central Conservatory’s first post-Cultural-Revolution students of composition – My thoughts on the future of Chinese composers)
17.30-18.00 Panel: teaching contemporary composition in China
With Chen Xiaoyong 陈晓勇, Wang Ying 王穎 and Su Cong 苏聪
18.00-19.00 DINNER [not organized; you will be recommended some restaurants nearby or you may also find a place of your own preference]
19.30-21.00 CONCERT 'Classical Music from the Far West'
Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe, Steintorplatz, Hamburg
(directly southeast next to the Main Railway Station in Hamburg)
Admission free for participants in the CHIME workshop
How does 'classical music' sound? Does it resemble Bach or Turandot, violin or two-stringed erhu, wood or porcelain?
Elements that may seem familiar to one person, exotic to another, converge in this exploratory concert: sonatas with Chinoiseries, Bach
played on erhu, and Puccini from Shanghai...
With erhu-players Dong Jinming & Dong Shi Huili (Nanjing)
and students of the Hamburg Conservatory
Presented by Michael Petermann, under auspices of the Hamburg
Conservatory & the Confucius Institute at the University of Hamburg
SATURDAY 19 NOVEMBER
Teaching Chinese traditional music
Chair: to be decided
09.00-09.30 Shi Yinyun 施吟云, Suzhou Symphony Orchestra, Suzhou, PR of China
From shuoshu xiansheng to laoshi: a comparative study between the traditional and contemporary teaching and learning process in
Suzhou ping-tan, China
09.30-10.00 Ruard Absaroka, SOAS, University of London
Challenges and changes in Chinese music education in the UK: The SOAS Chinese Music Ensemble, University of London
10.00-10.30 Stephen Jones, London UK
What is music education?
10.30-11.00 Coffee and tea break
11.00-11.30 Lin Chen 林辰, Music Research Institute, Beijing
广陵派教学法——以唱弦为例 (Guǎnglíng pài jiàoxué fǎ—yǐ chàng xián wéi lì) (On the chang xian ('singing string') teaching method
of the Guangling Guqin School)
11.30-12.00 Dai Xiaolian 戴晓莲 & Ding Nishang 丁霓裳, Shanghai Conservatory of Music
我的老师,我的学生 - 古琴教育的改革;比较分析 (Wǒ de lǎoshī, wǒ de
xuéshēng - gǔqín jiàoyù de gǎigé; bǐjiào fēnxī) (My teacher, my
students – Changes in guqin education; a comparative analysis)
[Paper in Chinese and English, with demonstration]
12.00-12.30 Rachel Harris, (SOAS, University of London)
Hereditary Musicians and the Academy: a view from Xinjiang
12.30-13.30 LUNCH
13.30-14.15 Music recital 1
1. Wu ye ti (乌夜啼) 'Crows cawing at night' Ding Nishang 丁霓裳 guqin
2. Bi jian liu quan (碧涧流泉)
'Green brook running', Dai Xiaolian 戴晓莲, guqin
3. Fěnhóng lián zhū gōngdiào (粉红莲 诸宫调)
'Pink Lotus', Han Mei 韩梅, zheng
4. Gāoshān liúshuǐ (高山流水) 'High mountains and flowing waters'
Han Mei 韩梅, zheng
5. Gòng jūn duàn yuē (共君断约), trad. southern Chinese love ballad,
Cai Yayi 蔡雅艺, pipa and vocals
6. Fēng dǎ lí (风打梨), solo for dongxiao (vertical bamboo flute)
Cai Yayi 蔡雅艺, dongxiao
7. Appalasia, for erhu (Chinese fiddle) and Kyma system, comp. by
Mark Phillips. Hung Tsun-hui 洪充惠, erhu
14.15-15.15 (Parallel, in two different rooms:)
Workshop I, Tian Mansha 田蔓莎 (Sichuan opera singing)
Workshop II, (Guzheng, 21-stringed, bridged zither)
15.15-16.15 (Parallel, in two different rooms:)
Workshop III, Cai Yayi 蔡雅艺 (Nanyin, southern ballad singing)
Workshop IV, Dai Xiaolian 戴晓莲, (Guqin, classical 7-stringed zither)
16.15-16.30 Short coffee and tea break
16.30-16.40 Music recital 2
1. Gé Xī Méi lìng (鬲溪梅令), trad., duo for bamboo flutes
2. Yángguān sāndié (阳关三叠) 'Farewell at Yangguan pass'
Liu Qian 刘倩 and Lou Yafeng 娄亚峰, bamboo flutes
16.40-18.00 Film: Li Manshan, Portrait of a folk Daoist
(GB doc, 2015, dir. Stephen Jones, 80 mins, English subtitles)
This intimate portrait film explores the life of village Daoist Li Manshan (b.1946), and his group of ritual specialists in the poor countryside of Yanggao county in north Shanxi, China. The film shows how their magnificent funerary practices have changed under challenges such as migration, the modern educational system and competition at funerals from pop music.
18.00-19.00 QUICK DINNER [not organized; you will be recommended some restaurants nearby or you may also find a place of your own
preference]
19.00-21.30 CONCERT Secret Sounds: “Neue Musik und China…”
Confucius Institute at the University of Hamburg, Chinese Teahouse 'Hamburg Yu Garden'
Feldbrunnenstraße 67, 20148 Hamburg
Music by finalists of the Composition Contest 'New Music and China 2016', played piano duo Franck-Thomas Link and Yun Xu from Hamburg and Shanghai. Presented by Margarete Zander, who briefly interviews the prize-winning composers.
Admission free for participants in the CHIME workshop
SUNDAY 20 NOVEMBER
The role of Confucius Institutes in Chinese music education abroad
Chair: To be decided
10.00-10.30 Li Xin 李昕, Music Confucius Institute, Royal Danish Academy of Music, Copenhagen
A talk about stories in Chinese music
10.30-10.45 Han Mei 韩梅, Center for Chinese Music & Culture, Murfreesboro USA
Brief introduction to the Center for Chinese Music and Culture at Middle Tennessee State U, and Confucius Music Institutes in general
10.45-11.00 Short coffee and tea break
11.00-13.00 COFFEE CONCERT of Traditional Music from China
with Chinese musicians who participated in the CHIME meeting
1. (Item to be announced), Hung Tsun-hui 洪充惠, erhu
2. Liú shāng (流殇), Ding Nishang 丁霓裳 , guqin
3. Liú shuǐ (流水) 'Flowing water', qin duet by Dai Xiaolian 戴晓莲 and Ding Nishang 丁霓裳 , guqin
4. Méihuā sān nòng (梅花三弄) 'Three variations on theme of Plum Blossom, orig. for guqin, arr. for zheng; Han Mei 韩梅, zheng
5. Hányā xìshuǐ (寒鸦戏水) 'Lonely crows playing in winter stream' for zheng; Han Mei 韩梅, zheng
6. Improvisation (即兴), Han Mei 韩梅, zheng
7. Lǜ (绿) 'Green', for qudi and bass dizi (bamboo flute duet) composed by Zhang Weiliang (张维良)
Liu Qian 刘倩 and Lou Yafeng 娄亚峰, bamboo flutes
8. Fēifēi sàsà (霏霏飒飒), trad. southern Chinese ballad, Cai Yayi 蔡雅艺, pipa and vocals
(short intermission)
9. Fěnhóng lián zhū gōngdiào (粉红莲 诸宫调) 'Pink Lotus', as arranged by Yang Xiuming 杨秀明
Lǐ Liángzi 李良子, zheng
10. Jiānghé shuǐ (江河水) 'Water of Jiang River', folk piece for erhu
Lǐ Cāngxiāo 李仓枭, erhu
11. Shímiàn máifú (十面埋伏) 'Ambush on all sides, pipa solo, arr. by Lin Shicheng 林石城 ;
Liú Fánhè 刘凡赫, pipa
12. Kōngshān niǎo yǔ (空山鸟语) 'Bird song on a Desolate Mountain' comp. by Liu Tianhua 刘天华 ;
Lǐ Cāngxiāo 李仓枭, erhu
13. Yì bǐ cǎocǎo (逸笔草草) pipa solo, comp. by Luo Yonghui 罗永晖
14.Nòng xián (弄弦), duo for erhu/zheng, comp. Fāng Quányī 方权一
Lǐ Cāngxiāo 李仓枭, erhu, Lǐ Liángzi 李良子, zheng
15. Sīfán (弄弦), duo for pipa and erhu, comp. Yao Chen 姚晨
Liú Fánhè 刘凡赫, pipa and Lǐ Cāngxiāo 李仓枭, erhu
13.00 End of meeting
...Last but not least, for diehard fans of music:
19.00-22.00 CONCERT Recital Duo Verena Chen & Juliette Journaux
Laeiszhalle, Kleiner Saal, Johannes Brahmsplatz, Hamburg
Tickets for sale at the Laeiszhalle
Violin sonatas of Beethoven and Prokofiev, shorter violin pieces of Tchaikovsky and Piazzolla, and He Zhanhao and Chen Gang's Butterfly Lovers Concerto, by Verena Chen (vln) and Juliette Journeaux (pf).
Expect brillant performances of Violin sonatas of Beethoven and Prokofiev, shorter violin pieces of Tchaikovsky and Piazzolla,
as well as He Zhanhao and Chen Gang's Butterfly Lovers Concerto,
by a young and dynamic duo, consisting of violinist Verena Chen
and pianist Juliette Journeaux.
(Verena Chen's father, the composer Chen Xiaoyong, will speak about his activities as a teacher of contemporary music in the CHIME
workshop, see the schedule above on Friday)
Further online reference to the programme: http://www.ki-hh.de/chime-conference-2016
What is Chinese music?
Any attempts to present China or Chinese culture as a monolith are sadly off the mark. There are Chinese-speaking communities all over the world, some who identify closely with a Chinese ‘motherland’, some who like to stress that they are Taiwanese or Hong Kongese rather than Chinese. The music of Tibetans, Mongolians, Koreans, Japanese, Vietnamese and other communities in Asia often closely interacts with that of Han-Chinese, and should also be taken into account when looking at Chinese music and its transmission.
All these groups cultivate their own musical worlds, and all of them have had to face the onslaught of 'westernization' in modern times.
From the very beginning, conservatories and (music-minded) universities, founded during the 20th century in China, have dealt primarily with Western music. Many harboured departments of Chinese traditional music, but the teaching of native instruments came to rely increasingly on Western methods.
Even ardent proponents of traditional music such as the ethnomusicologist Wang Guangqi – who studied comparative musicology in Berlin – criticized the 'weakness' of Chinese traditional music, and advocated its refinement by learning from the West.
Today, there is renewed attention and growing respect for Chinese native sounds and performing habits. Government support for protecting or promoting traditional genres has increased dramatically. But a considerable gap between 'old' and 'new' remains. 'Tradition' remains a hotly debated issue and, quite often, a minefield of misconceptions and conflicting ideological viewpoints. Conservatory students trained on traditional instruments show little or no awareness of past traditions, many styles and genres have changed beyond recognition, and performance techniques, repertoires, and even designs of Chinese instruments have been modified to match assumed Western ideals. So where does this leave Chinese music education? What can be done to reconcile traditional teaching with modern approaches, and what will be the future of Chinese music? And what impact will the current (fairly drastic) commercialization of music education in China have on traditional music and its sustainance? Scholars and practitioners will meet in the arena of the workshop in Hamburg, to exchange expertise and to tackle these fascinating questions.
中国音乐教育
孔子学院 CHIME 工作坊
汉堡,11月17日-20日,2016
中国当代年轻人的成长主要伴随着中国和西方的流行音乐。传统音乐仍然存在,但其表演者必须和流行歌手、美声歌手及其他经过专业训练的音乐家在电视音乐大赛和魅力秀节目里一争高下。中国民歌、寺庙音乐、地方戏、木偶戏和说唱曲艺持续以其数百年来一贯的方式存在着。然而,这些体裁和城市音乐之间的差距已经不可逾越, 在音乐教育领域也同样如此。教人表演中国音乐的传统方法与现代“学术”方法的差异很大。那么我们可以做些什么来弥补或缩小这个差距?什么才是“正确”的方式来教授某种具体的体裁或乐器?
2016年11月17-20日汉堡孔子学院将举办一个为期三天的关于中国音乐教育的工作坊。中国的歌手们和古筝、笛子及其他传统乐器的演奏家们届时将针对音乐教育发生的诸多变化提出各自的看法。同时,新音乐的作曲家、音乐理论家及一些研究中国音乐的西方学者和音乐家也共同受邀来分享他们的观点。这个工作坊与CHIME和北京中央音乐学院音乐学研究所联合举办,并向公众开放。
活动日程请见 http://www.ki-hh.de/chime-conference-2016
一些演讲和讨论将用中文进行,但我们也期待讲者提供他们演讲的英文讲义提要。某些情况下我们也希望提供一些现场的德语翻译。
中国音乐是什么?
任何将中国或中国文化展示为一个单一庞大体系的尝试都是离谱的。讲中文的群体遍布世界各地,有些紧密认同“祖国”,有些喜欢强调他们自己是台湾人或香港人,而非中国人。西藏、蒙古、韩国、日本、越南和亚洲其他文化群体的音乐常常与汉人的音乐密切互动,这些音乐在审视中国音乐及其传播时都应该加以考虑。
所有这些群体都培育着他们各自的音乐世界,又不得不面对当代“西方化”的冲击。最一开始,成立于二十世纪的中国的音乐学院和以音乐教育为导向的大学主要以西方音乐为内容。它们很多都设有中国传统音乐系,但本土乐器的教学却越来越多地依赖西方的方法。甚至传统音乐的热心支持者,例如曾在柏林学习比较音乐学的民族音乐学家王光祈,曾批评中国传统音乐的“弱点”,并倡导通过学习西方来改进中国传统音乐。
今天,对于中国本土声音和表演习惯有了新的关注和越来越多的尊重。政府对保护或推广传统体裁的支持也有了显著增长。然而,“旧”和“新”之见的巨大差异仍然存在。“传统”仍然是一个被热烈争论的话题,但常常也是错误观念和相冲突的意识形态观点的雷区。音乐学院接受传统乐器训练的学生对过去的传统很少或甚至毫无意识,很多风格和体裁已经变得面目全非,表演技巧、曲目甚至中国乐器的设计都已经为了与假定的西方理想匹配而被修改。那么,这使中国音乐教育处于怎样的境地?如何可以调解传统教育和现代方法,中国音乐的未来将如何发展?目前(相当激烈)的中国音乐教育的商业化将会给传统音乐及其持续带来什么影响?学者们和演奏家们将在汉堡的工作坊相见,进行专业交流并讨论这些吸引人的问题。
